/*=========================================================================

  Program:   Insight Segmentation & Registration Toolkit
  Module:    $RCSfile: DicomResample.cxx,v $
  Language:  C++
  Date:      $Date: 2005/11/19 16:31:50 $
  Version:   $Revision: 1.9 $

  Copyright (c) Insight Software Consortium. All rights reserved.
  See ITKCopyright.txt or http://www.itk.org/HTML/Copyright.htm for details.

     This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even 
     the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 
     PURPOSE.  See the above copyright notices for more information.

=========================================================================*/
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#pragma warning ( disable : 4786 )
#endif

// Resample a DICOM study
//   Usage: DicomResample InputDirectory OutputDirectory
//                        xSpacing ySpacing zSpacing
//
//   Example: DicomResample CT CTResample 0 0 1.5
//            will read a series from the CT directory and create a
//            new series in the CTResample directory. The new series
//            will have the same x,y spacing as the input series, but
//            will have a z-spacing of 1.5.
//
// Description:
// DicomResample resamples a DICOM series with user-specified
// spacing. The program outputs a new DICOM series with a series
// number set to 1001. All non-private DICOM tags are moved from the input
// series to the output series. The Image Position Patient is adjusted
// for each slice to reflect the z-spacing. The number of slices in
// the output series may be larger or smaller due to changes in the
// z-spacing. To retain the spacing for a given dimension, specify 0.
//
// The program progresses as follows:
// 1) Read the input series
// 2) Resample the series according to the user specified x-y-z
//    spacing.
// 3) Create a MetaDataDictionary for each slice.
// 4) Shift data to undo the effect of a rescale intercept by the
//    DICOM reader
// 5) Write the new DICOM series
//

#include "itkVersion.h"

#include "itkOrientedImage.h"
#include "itkMinimumMaximumImageFilter.h"

#include "itkGDCMImageIO.h"
#include "itkGDCMSeriesFileNames.h"
#include "itkNumericSeriesFileNames.h"

#include "itkImageSeriesReader.h"
#include "itkImageSeriesWriter.h"

#include "itkResampleImageFilter.h"
#include "itkShiftScaleImageFilter.h"

#include "itkIdentityTransform.h"
#include "itkLinearInterpolateImageFunction.h"

#include <itksys/SystemTools.hxx>

#include "gdcm/src/gdcmFile.h"
#include "gdcm/src/gdcmUtil.h"

#include <string>

void CopyDictionary (itk::MetaDataDictionary &fromDict,
                     itk::MetaDataDictionary &toDict);


int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
  // Validate input parameters
  if( argc < 4 )
    {
    std::cerr << "Usage: " 
              << argv[0]
              << " InputDicomDirectory OutputDicomDirectory spacing_x spacing_y spacing_z"
              << std::endl;
    return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }

  const unsigned int InputDimension = 3;
  const unsigned int OutputDimension = 2;

  typedef signed short PixelType;

  typedef itk::OrientedImage< PixelType, InputDimension >
    InputImageType;
  typedef itk::OrientedImage< PixelType, OutputDimension >
    OutputImageType;
  typedef itk::ImageSeriesReader< InputImageType >
    ReaderType;
  typedef itk::GDCMImageIO
    ImageIOType;
  typedef itk::GDCMSeriesFileNames
    InputNamesGeneratorType;
  typedef itk::NumericSeriesFileNames
    OutputNamesGeneratorType;
  typedef itk::IdentityTransform< double, InputDimension >
    TransformType;
  typedef itk::LinearInterpolateImageFunction< InputImageType, double >
    InterpolatorType;
  typedef itk::ResampleImageFilter< InputImageType, InputImageType >
    ResampleFilterType;
  typedef itk::ShiftScaleImageFilter< InputImageType, InputImageType >
    ShiftScaleType;
  typedef itk::ImageSeriesWriter< InputImageType, OutputImageType >
    SeriesWriterType;

////////////////////////////////////////////////  
// 1) Read the input series

  ImageIOType::Pointer gdcmIO = ImageIOType::New();
  InputNamesGeneratorType::Pointer inputNames = InputNamesGeneratorType::New();
  inputNames->SetInputDirectory( argv[1] );

  const ReaderType::FileNamesContainer & filenames = 
                            inputNames->GetInputFileNames();

  ReaderType::Pointer reader = ReaderType::New();

  reader->SetImageIO( gdcmIO );
  reader->SetFileNames( filenames );
  try
    {
    reader->Update();
    }
  catch (itk::ExceptionObject &excp)
    {
    std::cerr << "Exception thrown while reading the series" << std::endl;
    std::cerr << excp << std::endl;
    return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }

////////////////////////////////////////////////  
// 2) Resample the series
  InterpolatorType::Pointer interpolator = InterpolatorType::New();

  TransformType::Pointer transform = TransformType::New();
  transform->SetIdentity();

  const InputImageType::SpacingType& inputSpacing =
    reader->GetOutput()->GetSpacing();
  const InputImageType::RegionType& inputRegion =
    reader->GetOutput()->GetLargestPossibleRegion();
  const InputImageType::SizeType& inputSize =
    inputRegion.GetSize();

  std::cout << "The input series in directory " << argv[1]
            << " has " << filenames.size() << " files with spacing "
            << inputSpacing
            << std::endl;

  // Compute the size of the output. The user specifies a spacing on
  // the command line. If the spacing is 0, the input spacing will be
  // used. The size (# of pixels) in the output is recomputed using
  // the ratio of the input and output sizes.
  InputImageType::SpacingType outputSpacing;
  outputSpacing[0] = atof(argv[3]);
  outputSpacing[1] = atof(argv[4]);
  outputSpacing[2] = atof(argv[5]);

  bool changeInSpacing = false;
  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
    if (outputSpacing[i] == 0.0)
      {
      outputSpacing[i] = inputSpacing[i];
      }
    else
      {
      changeInSpacing = true;
      }
    }
  InputImageType::SizeType   outputSize;
  typedef InputImageType::SizeType::SizeValueType SizeValueType;
  outputSize[0] = static_cast<SizeValueType>(inputSize[0] * inputSpacing[0] / outputSpacing[0] + .5);
  outputSize[1] = static_cast<SizeValueType>(inputSize[1] * inputSpacing[1] / outputSpacing[1] + .5);
  outputSize[2] = static_cast<SizeValueType>(inputSize[2] * inputSpacing[2] / outputSpacing[2] + .5);

  ResampleFilterType::Pointer resampler = ResampleFilterType::New();
    resampler->SetInput( reader->GetOutput() );
    resampler->SetTransform( transform );
    resampler->SetInterpolator( interpolator );
    resampler->SetOutputOrigin ( reader->GetOutput()->GetOrigin());
    resampler->SetOutputSpacing ( outputSpacing );
    resampler->SetOutputDirection ( reader->GetOutput()->GetDirection());
    resampler->SetSize ( outputSize );
    resampler->Update ();


////////////////////////////////////////////////  
// 3) Create a MetaDataDictionary for each slice.

  // Copy the dictionary from the first image and override slice
  // specific fields
  ReaderType::DictionaryRawPointer inputDict = (*(reader->GetMetaDataDictionaryArray()))[0];
  ReaderType::DictionaryArrayType outputArray;
    
  // To keep the new series in the same study as the original we need
  // to keep the same study UID. But we need new series and frame of
  // reference UID's.
  std::string seriesUID = gdcm::Util::CreateUniqueUID( gdcmIO->GetUIDPrefix());
  std::string frameOfReferenceUID = gdcm::Util::CreateUniqueUID( gdcmIO->GetUIDPrefix());
  std::string studyUID;
  std::string sopClassUID;
  itk::ExposeMetaData<std::string>(*inputDict, "0020|000d", studyUID);
  itk::ExposeMetaData<std::string>(*inputDict, "0008|0016", sopClassUID);
  gdcmIO->KeepOriginalUIDOn();

  for (unsigned int f = 0; f < outputSize[2]; f++)
    {
    // Create a new dictionary for this slice
    ReaderType::DictionaryRawPointer dict = new ReaderType::DictionaryType;

    // Copy the dictionary from the first slice
    CopyDictionary (*inputDict, *dict);

    // Set the UID's for the study, series, SOP  and frame of reference
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0020|000d", studyUID);
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0020|000e", seriesUID);
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0020|0052", frameOfReferenceUID);

    std::string sopInstanceUID = gdcm::Util::CreateUniqueUID( gdcmIO->GetUIDPrefix());
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0008|0018", sopInstanceUID);
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0002|0003", sopInstanceUID);

    // Change fields that are slice specific
    itksys_ios::ostringstream value;
    value.str("");
    value << f + 1;

    // Image Number
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0020|0013", value.str());

    // Series Description - Append new description to current series
    // description
    std::string oldSeriesDesc;
    itk::ExposeMetaData<std::string>(*inputDict, "0008|103e", oldSeriesDesc);

    value.str("");
    value << oldSeriesDesc
          << ": Resampled with pixel spacing "
          << outputSpacing[0] << ", " 
          << outputSpacing[1] << ", " 
          << outputSpacing[2];
    // This is an long string and there is a 64 character limit in the 
    // standard
    unsigned lengthDesc = value.str().length();
    
    std::string seriesDesc( value.str(), 0,
                            lengthDesc > 64 ? 64
                            : lengthDesc);
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0008|103e", seriesDesc);

    // Series Number
    value.str("");
    value << 1001;
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0020|0011", value.str());

    // Derivation Description - How this image was derived
    value.str("");
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < argc; i++)
      {
      value << argv[i] << " ";
      }
    value << ": " << ITK_SOURCE_VERSION;

    lengthDesc = value.str().length();
    std::string derivationDesc( value.str(), 0,
                                lengthDesc > 1024 ? 1024
                                : lengthDesc);
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0008|2111", derivationDesc);
    
    // Image Position Patient: This is calculated by computing the
    // physical coordinate of the first pixel in each slice.
    InputImageType::PointType position;
    InputImageType::IndexType index;
    index[0] = 0;
    index[1] = 0;
    index[2] = f;
    resampler->GetOutput()->TransformIndexToPhysicalPoint(index, position);

    value.str("");
    value << position[0] << "\\" << position[1] << "\\" << position[2];
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0020|0032", value.str());      
    // Slice Location: For now, we store the z component of the Image
    // Position Patient.
    value.str("");
    value << position[2];
    itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0020|1041", value.str());      

    if (changeInSpacing)
      {
      // Slice Thickness: For now, we store the z spacing
      value.str("");
      value << outputSpacing[2];
      itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0018|0050",
                                            value.str());
      // Spacing Between Slices
      itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(*dict,"0018|0088",
                                            value.str());
      }
      
    // Save the dictionary
    outputArray.push_back(dict);
    }
    
////////////////////////////////////////////////  
// 4) Shift data to undo the effect of a rescale intercept by the
//    DICOM reader
  std::string interceptTag("0028|1052");
  typedef itk::MetaDataObject< std::string > MetaDataStringType;
  itk::MetaDataObjectBase::Pointer entry = (*inputDict)[interceptTag];
    
  MetaDataStringType::ConstPointer interceptValue = 
    dynamic_cast<const MetaDataStringType *>( entry.GetPointer() ) ;
    
  int interceptShift = 0;
  if( interceptValue )
    {
    std::string tagValue = interceptValue->GetMetaDataObjectValue();
    interceptShift = -atoi ( tagValue.c_str() );
    }

  ShiftScaleType::Pointer shiftScale = ShiftScaleType::New();
    shiftScale->SetInput( resampler->GetOutput());
    shiftScale->SetShift( interceptShift );

////////////////////////////////////////////////  
// 5) Write the new DICOM series

  // Make the output directory and generate the file names.
  itksys::SystemTools::MakeDirectory( argv[2] );

  // Generate the file names
  OutputNamesGeneratorType::Pointer outputNames = OutputNamesGeneratorType::New();
  std::string seriesFormat(argv[2]);
  seriesFormat = seriesFormat + "/" + "IM%d.dcm";
  outputNames->SetSeriesFormat (seriesFormat.c_str());
  outputNames->SetStartIndex (1);
  outputNames->SetEndIndex (outputSize[2]);
  
  SeriesWriterType::Pointer seriesWriter = SeriesWriterType::New();
    seriesWriter->SetInput( shiftScale->GetOutput() );
    seriesWriter->SetImageIO( gdcmIO );
    seriesWriter->SetFileNames( outputNames->GetFileNames() );
    seriesWriter->SetMetaDataDictionaryArray( &outputArray );
  try
    {
    seriesWriter->Update();
    }
  catch( itk::ExceptionObject & excp )
    {
    std::cerr << "Exception thrown while writing the series " << std::endl;
    std::cerr << excp << std::endl;
    return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
  std::cout << "The output series in directory " << argv[2]
            << " has " << outputSize[2] << " files with spacing "
            << outputSpacing
            << std::endl;
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

void CopyDictionary (itk::MetaDataDictionary &fromDict, itk::MetaDataDictionary &toDict)
{
  typedef itk::MetaDataDictionary DictionaryType;

  DictionaryType::ConstIterator itr = fromDict.Begin();
  DictionaryType::ConstIterator end = fromDict.End();
  typedef itk::MetaDataObject< std::string > MetaDataStringType;

  while( itr != end )
    {
    itk::MetaDataObjectBase::Pointer  entry = itr->second;

    MetaDataStringType::Pointer entryvalue = 
      dynamic_cast<MetaDataStringType *>( entry.GetPointer() ) ;
    if( entryvalue )
      {
      std::string tagkey   = itr->first;
      std::string tagvalue = entryvalue->GetMetaDataObjectValue();
      itk::EncapsulateMetaData<std::string>(toDict, tagkey, tagvalue); 
      }
    ++itr;
    }
}